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HACKTECH

Library / Tutorials

A route from foundations to advanced, without the noise.

Structured tracks with concrete outcomes, then the arenas, bounty programmes, certifications and competitions to practise on. No affiliate padding — only what we would point a junior at.

Security foundations

Foundation · 6–10 weeks part time

The groundwork everything else depends on. Skip it and you will spend years pattern-matching tool output without understanding what the tool is doing.

You will be able to

  • Read a packet capture and explain what each layer is doing
  • Navigate Linux and Windows confidently from the command line
  • Explain how authentication, authorisation and sessions actually work
  • Set up an isolated lab you can safely break things in

Modules

  1. Networking that matters

    TCP/IP, routing, NAT, DNS and TLS — enough to reason about what a service is doing before you touch it.

  2. Operating system internals

    Processes, permissions, filesystems and the privilege model on both Linux and Windows.

  3. Command line fluency

    Bash and PowerShell to the point where you write a one-liner instead of looking for a tool.

  4. Scripting for automation

    Python for parsing output, driving APIs and turning a repetitive task into a script.

  5. Lab construction

    Build the isolated environment described in the Practice Lab blueprint before running anything offensive.

Roppers Computing FundamentalsRoppers Practical NetworkingOverTheWire BanditProfessor Messer Network+

Web application security

Intermediate · 8–12 weeks part time

The highest-demand skill set in commercial testing. Authorization flaws pay the bills; injection is what people expect you to talk about.

You will be able to

  • Test an application methodically instead of scanning it
  • Find and chain access control flaws across tenants and roles
  • Recognise business logic abuse that no scanner will ever report
  • Write a finding an engineer can reproduce without asking you a question

Modules

  1. HTTP and the browser security model

    Same-origin policy, cookies, CORS and CSP — the rules everything else bends around.

  2. Access control

    IDOR, horizontal and vertical escalation, and multi-tenant isolation. Start every assessment here.

  3. Injection

    SQL, NoSQL, command, template and deserialization, including blind and out-of-band detection.

  4. Server-side request forgery

    Reaching internal services and cloud metadata endpoints, plus the filter bypasses that keep working.

  5. Business logic

    Race conditions, workflow state manipulation, quota and pricing abuse. Requires understanding the product, not just the protocol.

  6. Client-side

    DOM XSS, prototype pollution and postMessage handling in single-page applications.

PortSwigger Web Security AcademyOWASP Web Security Testing GuideOWASP ASVSPayloadsAllTheThings

Internal network & Active Directory

Advanced · 10–14 weeks part time

What happens after the perimeter falls. Most enterprise compromise is a chain of small misconfigurations, not a single dramatic exploit.

You will be able to

  • Enumerate a domain and identify escalation paths from a low-privileged account
  • Explain and demonstrate Kerberos abuse in your own words
  • Move laterally while understanding what each technique leaves behind in logs
  • Write a hardening plan ranked by effort against risk reduction

Modules

  1. Domain enumeration

    Users, groups, computers, ACLs and trusts — collected and graphed rather than listed.

  2. Kerberos

    Kerberoasting, AS-REP roasting, and constrained, unconstrained and resource-based delegation abuse.

  3. Credential access

    LSASS, DPAPI, cached credentials and what modern EDR actually detects when you touch them.

  4. Lateral movement

    WMI, WinRM, SMB and scheduled tasks, with the telemetry each one generates.

  5. ADCS

    Certificate template misconfigurations — one of the most reliable escalation paths in modern estates.

  6. Detection engineering

    Write the Sigma rule that would have caught you. This is what separates a report from an improvement.

TryHackMe — Attacking and Defending ADThe Hacker RecipesBloodHound documentationAtomic Red Team

Cloud security

Intermediate · 6–10 weeks part time

Cloud compromise is an identity problem wearing an infrastructure costume. Learn the permission model first.

You will be able to

  • Read an IAM policy and predict what it actually permits
  • Map privilege escalation paths within an account
  • Identify the blast radius of one compromised workload
  • Recommend detections that would have caught the path you used

Modules

  1. Identity and access management

    Roles, trust policies, assume-role chains and the escalation paths hidden in permission combinations.

  2. Workload identity

    Instance metadata, service accounts and pod identity — how SSRF becomes cloud credential theft.

  3. Storage and data exposure

    Buckets, snapshots, registries and managed databases, including the accidental-public patterns.

  4. CI/CD and supply chain

    Pipeline secrets, over-permissioned deploy roles and the OIDC trust misconfigurations that undo them.

  5. Cloud detection

    CloudTrail, Azure activity logs and GCP audit logs: what they capture and what they quietly miss.

flAWS and flAWS2CloudGoatHacking the CloudAWS IAM documentation

Reverse engineering

Advanced · 12+ weeks part time

For malware analysis, firmware review and mobile work. The steepest curve on this page, and the most durable skill.

You will be able to

  • Navigate a stripped binary in a disassembler without losing orientation
  • Recover program logic from compiled code
  • Instrument a running process to observe and change behaviour
  • Triage a suspicious sample safely in an isolated environment

Modules

  1. Assembly and calling conventions

    x86-64 and ARM64 to the level where decompiler output is a hint you can verify, not gospel.

  2. Static analysis

    Ghidra and IDA workflow: identifying structures, renaming as you go, and recovering control flow.

  3. Dynamic analysis

    Debuggers, breakpoints and runtime instrumentation with Frida.

  4. Anti-analysis

    Packing, obfuscation and anti-debug techniques, and the practical ways around them.

  5. Malware triage

    Safe handling, indicator extraction and behavioural reporting in an isolated network.

Practical Malware Analysis labsNightmareCrackmes.oneMicrocorruption

Practice arenas

  • PortSwigger Web Security Academy

    Web · Free — Structured labs paired with written material, covering everything from basic injection to advanced request smuggling.

  • OverTheWire

    System · Free — Classic SSH wargames. Bandit for Linux basics, then Narnia and Behemoth for binary exploitation.

  • Hack The Box

    Mixed · Freemium — Realistic vulnerable machines and enterprise-style labs. The Pro Labs mirror real AD environments closely.

  • TryHackMe

    Mixed · Freemium — Guided learning paths with more hand-holding than HTB. The better starting point if you are new.

  • pwn.college

    System · Free — Arizona State's full offensive security curriculum, released publicly. Rigorous and genuinely university-grade.

  • PicoCTF

    Mixed · Free — Carnegie Mellon's beginner CTF with a permanent practice archive. Ideal for students.

  • CryptoHack

    Crypto · Free — Cryptography challenges that teach real attacks on real primitives, not textbook exercises.

  • Root Me

    Mixed · Freemium — Very large challenge catalogue across every category, with a long-running community.

  • CloudGoat

    Cloud · Free — Deploy deliberately vulnerable AWS scenarios into your own account and attack them.

  • Crackmes.one

    Reversing · Free — Community-submitted reversing challenges with difficulty and quality ratings.

  • Microcorruption

    Reversing · Free — Embedded device CTF played entirely in the browser, with an excellent built-in debugger.

  • Under the Wire

    System · Free — PowerShell-focused wargames — the Windows counterpart to OverTheWire.

Bug bounty platforms

  • HackerOne

    Largest programme catalogue. Read each policy carefully before testing anything.

  • Bugcrowd

    Broad programme range with a clear vulnerability rating taxonomy.

  • Intigriti

    European platform with strong GDPR-conscious programme coverage.

  • YesWeHack

    European platform with a good supply of public programmes for newcomers.

  • Google VRP

    Direct programme with published, unusually transparent reward criteria.

  • Internet Bug Bounty

    Covers core open-source infrastructure the whole internet depends on.

Certifications

  • OSCP (OffSec)

    24-hour practical exam. Still the most widely recognised entry credential for hands-on testing.

  • OSWE (OffSec)

    White-box web exploitation. Source-code-driven, and considerably harder than OSCP.

  • CRTO (Zero-Point Security)

    Red team operations with a practical exam. Excellent value and well regarded.

  • PNPT (TCM Security)

    Practical network test with a report requirement — the reporting element is the point.

  • eJPT (INE)

    Entry-level practical certification. A reasonable first milestone.

  • CEH (EC-Council)

    Broad but largely theoretical. Often requested by HR filters and government contracts.

CTF circuits